Unit One: Company Operation and Management 公司运作和管理
1.3 Reducing Production Cost 降低生产成本
相关单词掌握：
Quality supplier高质量的供货商
Efficiency of production line生产线的效率
Cost management 成本管理
Reducing business costs降低成本
Cutting corners偷工减料
Corporate identity公司形象
Cost- conscious注重节约成本的
TQM (total quality management) 全面质量管理
Production line 生产线，流水线
Specialist 专家
Shift work 倒班制，轮班工作（一半指三班倒，即day shift, evening shift,以及night shift）
Permanent schedule 固定班
Adjust to 对…适应
Hazard 危害，公害
Mini-presentation
企业的生产成本包括由人工费用、材料费用等构成的制造成本和管理费用、财务费用、销售费用构成期间费用。企业成本管理的一个主要方法是全面质量管理（Total Quality Management，TQM），它以质量为中心，以全员参与为基础，目的是通过让顾客满意和本企业所有成员以及社会收益而达到长期成功的管理途径。
What’s important when…?
Aiming to control production cost 要控制生产成本需要考虑哪些要点？
1.Quality supplier 高质量的供货商
2.Efficiency of production line 生产线的效率 |
Cost management is one of important contents of enterprise management. Most companies will improve the state of business by means of reducing business costs. It can obviously result in higher profits and a stronger enterprise.
成本管理是企业管理的一项重要内容。许多企业会通过降低成本来改进企业状况。这样做可以明显地提高利润，壮大企业规模。
Some companies would choose a quick way to cut costs by cutting corners in production or using cheaper materials, but it always can be a self-destruct of the corporate identity. A true Cost- conscious companies not only try to get quality from suppliers but also work with the suppliers to help them improve their operations and quality of output. Because low quality goods from suppliers is a major source of waste.
一些公司会选择采取在生产过程中偷工减料和使用廉价原材料的捷径去削减成本，但这往往会自毁公司形象。一个真正注重节约成本的公司不仅会寻找能提供高质量产品的供应商，而且还要帮助他们改进经营和产品质量。因为购买低质量的产品是最大的浪费源。
In addition, efficiency of production line is another important thing to consider. In these days of changing technologies and methods, it is necessary to update the equipment and train your workers to increased the efficiency of production.
另外，生产线效率也同样值得重视。在技术和生产手段日新月异的今天，有必要更新设备和对员工进行培训来增加生产效率。
Accordingly,it becomes very prominent problem to improve the quality and efficiency of production.
因此， 提高其产品质量和生产效率成为十分突出的普遍问题。
Discussion
Introducing Shift Work实行倒班作业制
Your company would like to introduce shift work operation to optimize the production process. You have been asked to help co-ordinate the project. Discuss the situation together, and decide:你们公司正在考虑实行倒班作业制以优化生产过程。请你们协助策划这一计划。讨论并决定：
to arrange the work schedule 怎样安排工作时间表
to match staff to this new work requirement怎样使工人达到这一新的工作要求 |
（1）When introducing shift work, the most important thing is to work out good work schedules. I think we can divide our twenty-four hour operation into three shifts: day shift, evening shift and night shift. And we’ll have this permanent schedule. It’s tough to work at night, but once you get used to it, it’s easier to fight off the night-time fatigue.
实行倒班作业制，最重要的是制定可行的工作时间表。我想我们可以将二十四小时划分为三班制：日班、晚班和夜班。当我们制定了这固定班之后，即使夜班工作再辛苦，一旦你习惯了，就很容易消除夜间疲劳了。
（2）We should also provide our shift workers with training programmes to help them better adjust to this new work requirement. We should inform them of the harmful effects of night shifts and give them tips on how to prevent and fight off these hazards.
我们也应向轮班工人提供培训计划去帮助他们更好地调节适应新的工作要求。同时，也应告诉他们上夜班的不良影响和给予他们一些如何避免防止这些危害的建议。
（3）We can arrange health specialists to give them training courses and provide online consultancy service for the convenience of our shift workers.
我们可以安排健生专家去给他们上培训课和提供在线咨询服务来方便我们的轮班工人做咨询。
