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专八写作热点话题预测一学生应该穿校服吗？

Read carefully the following two excerpts about whether students should wear school uniforms, and then write your response in NO LESS THAN 300 WORDS, in which you should:

1. summarize the main message of the two excerpts, and then

2. express your opinion on the issue and use specific reasons to support your opinion.

Excerpt 1  School Uniform Matters So Much More Than You Think

For many of us school uniform consists of a colour-pop primary selection of colours, offset by darker bottoms, a button-up shirt, sensible shoes and perhaps a blazer you're destined to grow into by Year 11. But why are they imperative in the majority of our educational establishments?

The importance of uniform exists on several grounds. Uniforms quickly offer a sense of belonging, equality and can aid academic concentration. In fact, uniform is placed with such importance in the UK that it even has its own organization: The Schoolwear Association.

The SA estimates that over 90 per cent of British schools have an uniform of some entity and they make it their business to ensure that students and parents have access to good quality uniforms throughout the year. “The SA believes that a distinctive uniform brings a sense of belonging,” explained David Burgess, the association's chair, to Miss Vogue. “The Schoolwear Association promotes the benefits of a school-specific uniform to schools, students and parents. We believe them to be a positive factor in the behaviour and academic success of students inside and out of the classroom.”

Its latest study alongside Oxford Brookes University and psychologist Dr. Barbie Clarke proves this point. It found that wearing a uniform removes points of difference between students, thus unifying the student body and providing greater focus for academic work.

Uniforms—if not for creating a more egalitarian space—contribute significantly in student efficiency and productivity. As David explained: “A uniform also helps students to improve their academic concentration. Focus groups have found that many pupils chose to remain in their uniforms outside of school to complete homework, to remain in the working mindset.”

Excerpt 2  Wearing a Uniform Limits Self-expression and Promotes Conformity

The most common argument against school uniforms is that they limit personal expression. Kids and teens use the way they dress to express themselves and to identify with certain social groups. Many students who are against school uniforms argue that they lose their self-identity when they lose their right to express themselves through fashion.

The courts have even weighed in on this. Based on the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled in 1969 that “it can hardly be argued that either students or teachers shed their constitutional rights to freedom of speech or expression at the schoolhouse gate.” The First U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals ruled in 1970 that “compelled conformity to conventional standards of appearance” does not “seem a justifiable part of the educational process.”

In an era where diversity is on the rise and schools and society are attempting to teach tolerance and positive awareness of differences, requiring schoolchildren to wear uniforms emphasizes sameness and conformity. It encourages tribalism and the idea that having independent thought is not a good thing. It sends the message that being the same is positive and something to be striven for, the right way for the world to be, rather than a message that differences and independent thought and action should be valued.

Additionally, it can cause an issue for children and teens who have questions about their gender identification. It forces them to conform to gender stereotypes in their dress; most uniforms consist of skirts for girls and pants for boys. For example, if a girl feels she might be more comfortable in boyish outfits, she is blocked from making that choice if she is in a school that requires uniforms where she is forced to wear skirts. This choice could go mostly unnoticed in a school where uniforms were not required, and she could feel more comfortable in her dress choices.

■审题思路

本题讨论的话题是学生是否应该穿校服。选段1的主要观点是校服消除了学生之间的差异，使学生产生归属感和平等感，从而团结起来；另外，穿校服有助于提高学生的学习专注力，从而提升学习效率。选段2的主要观点是穿校服限制了学生通过着装表达自我的权利，在强调一致性的同时使学生丧失了自我认同，从而导致从众效应；另外，穿校服也在一定程度上误导学生不重视差异和独立性。在具体行文方面，第一段总结两段材料中的不同观点；第二段首先表明自己的观点：支持学生穿校服，并展开论述；最后一段总结全文。

■范文及分析

Should Students Wear School Uniforms?

The debate over whether students should wear school uniforms has been going on for a long time. While some people argue that school uniforms have a positive impact on the school environment and enable students to focus more on their studies, others see it as a practice promoting conformity that will prevent kids from expressing themselves through their clothing choices.

Personally, I'm inclined to take the former side. One advantage of uniforms is the instillation of a sense of purpose. When an individual student puts on a school uniform, he or she often feels a stronger sense of identity. Wearing school uniforms also offers students the opportunity to develop a stronger work ethic, since they are more aware of the roles they are expected to play while in uniform.

Another positive aspect of school uniforms is to promote social equality. When the social playing field becomes more even, the educational environment often benefits as well. If all students are required to wear the same outfit, they are on an equal fashion footing. Students from lower economic backgrounds would conceivably face far less teasing if everyone dressed the same. In this sense, school uniforms also help to protect students' self-esteem.

Furthermore, I insist that students should focus on what they are learning rather than what they are wearing. If they aren't preoccupied with their clothes, they will pay more attention to their classwork. Therefore, to some extent, wearing school uniforms is conducive to creating a less distracting learning environment. Besides, as for what opponents have argued, what I'd like to say is that students can express themselves and make themselves stand out through their character and academic performance, not their clothes.

To conclude, as an important part of being a school student, wearing a uniform is good for students to concentrate on their studies, to cultivate their sense of purpose and identity, and to protect their self-esteem.

开头部分

本文开门见山，指出关于学生是否应该穿校服的争论已经持续了很长时间，并简要概述选段中的不同观点：一些人认为校服能够使学生专注于学习，另一些人则认为这是一种从众的做法，限制了学生通过服装选择来表达自我的权利。

中间部分

首先表明自己赞同前者的观点，接着运用“One advantage of uniforms is…”“Another positive aspect of school uniforms is…”以及furthermore和besides分条列举论据。

其中，第二段指出穿校服能够培养学生的使命感（sense of purpose）、认同感（sense of identity）和职业道德感（work ethic）；第三段指出穿校服的另一个积极影响是促进社会平等（promote social equality）、保护学生的自尊（protect students' self-esteem）；第四段指出穿校服有助于营造一个专注的学习环境（creating a less distracting learning environment），进一步指出学生可以通过他们的个性特点和学习成绩而不是着装来表达自己，让自己脱颖而出（students can express themselves and make themselves stand out through their character and academic performance, not their clothes）。

结尾部分

运用“To conclude…”总结全文。