写作题目

Should governments spend more money in improving roads and highways, or should governments spend more money in improving public transportation (buses, trains, subways)? Why? Use specific reasons and details to write an essay of about 400 words. You should supply an appropriate title for your essay.

In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.

Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks .

写作思路

道路拥堵问题是当前一大社会难题，要解决这一难题，摆在政府面前有两种选择，一种是大力发展公共交通，另一种则是修建或改善更多的道路。可见，这是一道两种观点二选一的题 目。与同类型的题目一样，我们需要一开始就定好自己的立场，然后再结合各种论证方式进行论证。如果我们认为大力发展公共交通是一条可行的办法，那么在正文中就可以一一介绍公共交通的优势，如缓解拥堵、减少污染、降低出行成本等。切不可将两种方式的优点一一罗列，最后得出这样的结论：政府需要考虑权衡两者的优缺点，做一个合理的决定！

范文

Highways or Public Transportation

Should governments spend more money in improving roads and highways or in improving public transportation? There seems to be a difficult problem since many reasons should be involved. However, after carefully pondering, I buttress spending the money in improving public transportation. The reasons are presented below:

There is no denying that improving public transportation will surely alleviate the pollution caused by numerous cars. If a city has not a developed public transportation, the air will be polluted more heavily. What a dirty environment we will live in! Breathing in the air filled with the flavor of the gasoline, seeing the sky with the dull color will be the title of our daily life. Fortunately, the essence of environment has been realized by an increasingly number of people. To the governments, the protection of environment is especially an undeniable mission.

Another reason I agree with is that developed public transportation will decrease the frequency of traffic jams. Perhaps no worse word than “traffic jams” exists, to the businessmen who believe in “time is money”. Traffic jams not only cost people the time and expenses, but also create a bad mood for work. It greatly decreases the efficiency of the whole city. How a city whose avenues are full of traffi c jams can develop its economy.

Finally, I want to say that improving public transportation provides ways of transportation for most of poor people who cannot afford to buy a car. It is known that our citizens are not made of people who have the ability to own a car, only I believe that no matter how advanced our society will be, the public apparatus should never be ignored, because it serves people all over the city.

Nevertheless, private transportation has its own advantages. For instance, it can save a lot of time in some cases, and provide some conveniences for people. But improving roads and highways is advantageous only conditionally . Based in the above discussion, I agree with the opinion that governments should spend money in improving public transportation because it can not only protect environment and save time for people, but also create a convenient environment for all the citizens.

亮点回放

★用词亮点

buttress ：支持

alleviate ：缓解

apparatus ：机构 ，组织

conditionally ：有条件地

★句式亮点

There is no denying that improving public transportation will surely alleviate the pollution caused by numerous cars.

本句以“There is no denying that...”开头，与句中的surely一词相呼应，表明作者强烈的肯定语气。本句句意为：毋庸置疑，改善公共交通肯定能缓解大量汽车所造成的污染。

Breathing in the air filled with the flavor of the gasoline, seeing the sky with the dull color will be the title of our daily life.

本句的主语由两个较长的、成并列关系的动名词短语构成。一般来讲，英语句子会采用“尾重”的结构，即主语短小精悍，而将较长的短语置于句末。在本句中，作者之所以打破这一传统的句子模式，目的就在于强调位于主语位置的这两个动名词短语，凸显不注重发展公共交通对环境造成的破坏。本句句意为：呼吸充满汽油味的空气、仰望浑浊的天空将成为我们每天生活的主题 。

★篇章亮点

本文以设问句开篇，直截了当，引人瞩目。第一段的最后一句“The reasons are presented below.”暗示了全文的结构 ，即接下来主体部分将就为何发展公共交通更为重要提出几点理由。作者在论证部分主要采用了说理论证和因果论证的方法，逻辑性强，论证充分有力，让人信服。本文的结尾部分是一大亮点。与一般总结性结尾不同，作者先介绍了反方的观点，即修建改善道路的好处；接着马上对此进行反驳，指出修建改善道路所带来的好处是有条件的；最后，作者呼吁政府大力发展公共交通，因为这不仅可以保护环境、节省时间，还可以为所有市民创建便捷的环境。这样的结尾先抑后扬，使整篇文章的内容更为充实，论证更为有力 。