additional, extra, supplementary
这些形容词均有“另加的,额外的”之意。
1. additional :由名词additon派生出的形容词,指在原有基础上添加上去的。
eg: Passengers have to pay additional charges for their extra luggages.(旅客们超量携带的行李要额外付费。)
2. extra :指不包括本身而额外加上去的部分。
eg: The ship was loaded down with extra cargo.(船上又额外加装了货物。)
3. supplementary :由名词supplement派生而来,指对原有的追加或补究。
eg: There is a supplementary water supply in case the main supply fails.(万一主水源断了, 我们另外有供水的地方。)
address, greet, salute, hail, welcome
这些动词均有“欢迎、致敬、致意、招呼”之意。
1. address :侧重打招呼的方式或指所使用的称谓。
eg: The President gave an address to the nation over the radio.(总统向全国发表广播演说。)
2. greet :常指友好而热诚地欢迎。
eg: The host greeted us at the gate.(主人在大门口迎接我们。)
3. salute :正式用词,指用敬礼、亲吻或挥帽等动作向他人致意或问候,尤指以某种礼节欢迎某人。
eg: The officers saluted as the soldiers marched past.(当士兵以分列式通过时, 军官举手敬礼。)
4. hail :主要指怀着敬意欢迎某人,侧重欢快轻松和嘈杂。也指隔得较远的高声招呼。
eg: Millions of people hailed the astronauts.(数百万人向宇航员们欢呼。)
5. welcome :多指热情的官方的或正式的迎接或欢迎,但也指一般的欢迎。
eg: He welcomed you to enjoy his hospitality.(他欢迎你去做客。)
更多学习内容请看:英语专四常见词辨析系列>>>
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