discard, scrap, shed
这些动词都有“抛弃、丢弃”之意。
discard : 指把具体的东西抛掉不要,着重扔、丢的动作。
We should discard old beliefs.(我们应该抛弃旧观念。)
scrap : 指抛弃过时不再有用的东西。
In the end, the decision to scrap the project was unanimous.(最后,大家一致决定放弃这一项目。)
shed : 指毛发、皮肤、叶等经过某种自然的过程而脱落。
Many trees shed their leaves in autumn.(许多树在秋天落叶。)
discern, discriminate, distinguish
这些动词均有“区别、辨别”之意。
discern : 语义较笼统,着重精深与准确的观察力,不一定有能分辨关系密切的各项事物的含义。
I soon discerned that the man was lying.(我很快便察觉出这个人是在撒谎。)
discriminate : 语气强,指从十分相似的事物中辨出差异,尤其把好坏区分开来。
They can discriminate hundreds of colours.(他们能分辨上百种颜色。)
distinguish : 普通用词,指辨别者的能力或实际观察到的区别,强调辨别所需的技巧。
Can you distinguish the twins apart?(你能分辨这对双胞胎吗?)
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