despite, in spite of, notwithstanding
这些前置词或前置短语都含有“虽然，尽管”之意。
despite : 书面用词，指不受某事或某种原因的阻碍，语气轻于in spite of。
Despite the fact that she is short, she is an excellent basketball player.(尽管她个子矮, 却是个出色的篮球运动员。)
in spite of : 在这些词中语气最强，可与despite换用，口语或书面语中均可使用。
I went out in spite of the rain.(尽管下雨我仍然外出。)
notwithstanding : 语气最弱，仅表示一种障碍的存在。
He insisted on going to the football match, notwithstanding his doctor's advice to the contrary.(他不顾医生的劝阻, 坚持要去看足球比赛。)
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