牛刀小试——关键词类概述

关键词类，顾名思义，在做这种题型时应通过选项来联想其相关词汇并留意相应问题中原文出现的关键信息词，以及对话中相关的背景和对话者的语气口吻来辨析其答案。大致可分为职业身份题、人物关系题、地点场景题等三大题型。

职业身份题

M: How about the food I ordered? I’ve been waiting for 20 minutes already.
W: I’m very sorry, sir. I will be back with your order in a minute.
Q: What’s the woman’s job?
A) A shop assistant B) A telephone operator
C) A waitress          D) A clerk

【解析】 在原文播放之前，应扩展联想到有关shop assistant、telephone operator、waitress、clerk四种职业的词汇如（food, order, number, shop, hotel等），为选择正确答案作好充分准备。抓住原文中关键信息词order、wait，可推断出场景发生在餐厅，女士谈话的语气和用词“sorry sir”来分析其职业为服务员。选择C。

人物关系题

W: I often mistake Tim for Bob. Can you tell them apart?
M: No, they look so much alike that they even confused their mother sometimes when they were young.
Q: What is the probable relationship between Tim and Bob?
A) They are twins      B) They are classmates
C) They are friends   D) They are colleagues

【解析】 你的脑海中是否对twins、classmates、friends、colleagues积累了足够的信息词汇尤其重要（alike, homework, job等）。女士经常把Tim 和Bob认错，并问男士有什么区别（apart），抓住男士回答的信息词look alike、their mother不难判断其关系是双胞胎。所以答案是A。

地点场景题

M: Oh, dear! I’m starving, I can’t walk any farther. (2001.6)
W: Let’s go to the restaurant across the street and get something to eat.
Q: Where are the two people?
A) At home    B) In a restaurant
C) In a car     D) On the street

【解析】 注意选项中的有关home、restaurant、car、street关键词汇来判断正确答案。原文中的walk, across the street是本题的关键信息词，所以选择D。同样提到的starving、restaurant是他们将要去的地方（小陷阱咯！），而不是现在的所在处。

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