落实和完善 implement and improve
普惠性政策 preferential policies
增加······投入 increase spending on

企业研发费用加计扣除： extra tax deductions for research
按照税法规定在开发新技术、新产品、新工艺发生的研究开发费用的实际发生额基础上，再加成一定比例，作为计算应纳税所得额时的扣除数额的一种税收优惠政策。

各种“主体”的说法：
一支以青年为主体的突击队
a shock force composed mainly of young people
以社会主义公有制为主体
Taking the socialist public ownership as the mainstay
各类市场主体的资质
The qualification of all kinds of market entities
实行投资主体多元化，重要的企业由国家控股。
Sources of investment must be diversified. The controlling shares in lifeline enterprises must be held by the state.

科技项目 science and technology projects
科研平台 research platforms
产学研协同创新 collaborative innovation by bringing together enterprises, academia, and research institutes

“推进企业主导的产学研协同创新”，这里的偏正结构用 with 建了分支

众创空间 the right environment for creativity （这里中文很模糊）
增设 establish more ···
国家自主创新示范区 national innovation demonstration zones
办好 ensure the smooth functioning of ···
集聚创新要素 boost innovation （这里有简化，并不严格对应）

中小微企业 Medium, small, and micro businesses
大有可为 accomplish great things
助人一臂之力 To give a leg up
“草根”创新 grassroots innovation

“蔚然成风、遍地开花”，类似上篇的“让创新之树枝繁叶茂”，不过这里感觉译文好像也并不是特别惊艳。

提高创新效率 make innovation deliver，这里应该也不是严格对等。

中央财政科技计划管理 the management of science and technology plans funded by the central government

基础研究 basic research
国家科技重大项目 major national science and technology projects
重大科研基础设施 major science and research infrastructure facilities
大型科研仪器 large-scale or costly research equipment

亿万人民 the Chinese people
聪明才智 talent and ingenuity
迎来······浪潮 welcome in a new high tide of
万众创新 popular innovation

Give free rein to 类似 give a full play to，前者是放松、放开，后者是充分发挥。
这就是他喜欢的写作方式，因为可以使他充分发挥想象力。
It was the type of writing which he enjoyed, because it permitted him to give free rein to his imagination.