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2015年政府工作报告学习笔记(43)

深化基层医疗卫生机构综合改革,加强全科医生制度建设,完善分级诊疗体系。
We will work to deepen the comprehensive reform of community-level medical and healthcare institutions, strengthen the general practitioner system, and improve the system of tiered diagnosis and treatment.

基层医疗卫生机构 community-level medical and healthcare institutions (并不是所有的机构都用 organization)
全科医生 general practitioner
分级诊疗 tiered diagnosis and treatment

Practitioner /prækˈtɪʃənə/
Doctors are sometimes referred to as practitioners or medical practitioners. 行医者

全面推开县级公立医院综合改革,在 100 个地级以上城市进行公立医院改革试点,
We will fully implement the comprehensive reform of county-level public hospitals, and trial public hospital reform in 100 cities at or above the prefecture level.

县级公立医院 county-level public hospitals
地级以上城市 cities at or above the prefecture level
进行公立医院改革试点 trial public hospital reform (trial 作动词)

破除以药补医,降低虚高药价,合理调整医疗服务价格,通过医保支付等方式平衡费用,努力减轻群众负担。
We will put a stop to the practice of charging more for medicines to make up for low prices for medical services, lower extortionate prices on medicines, make appropriate adjustments to medical service prices, and take measures such as reforming medical insurance payouts to control costs of medical services, thereby lightening the burden that medical expenses place on people.

破除 put a stop to
现象/ 行为 the practice of (比较常见)
虚高药价 extortionate prices on medicines
医保支付 medical insurance payouts
以药补医 charging more for medicines to make up for low prices for medical services
合理调整 make appropriate adjustments to

Extortionate /ɪkˈstɔːʃənɪt/ (价格) 离谱的 [强调]
A specially prepared menu on which basic dishes are charged at extortionate prices.
一份特别准备的菜单,上面的普通菜肴定价离谱。

鼓励医生到基层多点执业,发展社会办医。开展省级深化医改综合试点。
We will encourage doctors to practice in community-level clinics in addition to their regular practice and help the development of nongovernmental hospitals. We will launch comprehensive pilot projects for deepening medical reform at the provincial level.

到基层多点执业 practice in community-level clinics (用复数表示多的含义)

发展社会办医 development of nongovernmental hospitals
社会做修饰成分,有多重译法,有时是popular,有时是public,这里是 nongovernmental

加快建立医疗纠纷预防调解机制。
We will move faster in setting up mechanisms for preempting and mediating medical disputes.

加快 move faster in
建立 set up
预防调解 preempting and mediating
医疗纠纷 medical disputes

Preempt /priːˈɛmpt/ 预先制止

The law would preempt stronger local rules.
该法律将预先制止更强硬的地方性法规。
"the survival of the fittest," a slogan that virtually preempted all debate.
“适者生存”,一个几乎无可辩驳的口号。

人均基本公共卫生服务经费补助标准由 35 元提高到 40 元,增量全部用于支付村医的基本公共卫生服务,方便几亿农民就地就近看病就医。
We will increase the annual subsidy for government expenditures on basic public health services from 35 yuan to 40 yuan per capita, with the entire additional sum to be used for paying for rural doctors to provide basic public health services; this will allow large numbers of rural residents to enjoy better access to local medical services.

人均 per capita (capita 有人头的意思)
增量 additional sum
几亿农民 large numbers of rural residents
(不是绝对的信息对等 / number 加了复数)

Large numbers of 大量的
Before they were blocked, all of these applications had large numbers of users in China.
在它们未被屏蔽之前,这些应用已经获得了大量的中国用户。

“用于支付村医的基本公共卫生服务”,又是一个大型偏正结构。其实很多偏正结构中的“的”字都可以变成动词。

“方便几亿农民就地就近看病就医”,典型的“结果句”,这次用的是 “this will allow”,有时间可以整理下这类结果句的表述方法。

加强重大疾病防控。积极发展中医药和民族医药事业。推进计划生育服务管理改革。
We will strengthen the prevention and control of major diseases. We will actively develop traditional Chinese medicine and the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities, and advance the reform of family planning services and the way they are managed.

防控 the prevention and control of
拆字处理也很常见,特别是一些看上去不好译的词,其实都是打碎了再译。
民族医药 the traditional medicine of ethnic minorities
推进······改革 advance the reform of

健康是群众的基本需求,我们要不断提高医疗卫生水平,打造健康中国。
Good health is a basic public necessity, so we must work consistently to raise the standard of medical and healthcare services to create a healthy China.

健康 Good health
不断 work consistently to

群众也是中特词,用作修饰成分有时候译为 public,有时候是 poplar,作为名词往往是 mass 之类。

两个小句中间加了 so,体现了逻辑关系,也显得句子更加紧密。 

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