打好节能减排和环境治理攻坚战。环境污染是民生之患、民心之痛，要铁腕治理。
We will fight to win the battle of conserving energy, reducing emissions, and improving the environment. Environmental pollution is a blight on people’s quality of life and a trouble that weighs on their hearts. We must fight it with all our might.
“打好”，好字其实不好翻译。之前遇到过的“做好”、“搞好”，总是有不同的处理方式，需要结合具体语境。这里因为是和战斗搭配，所以用了 win。打好···战，其实也就是赢下来这场战斗的意思。所以这里也体现出这类中英文章的差别，一般情况下英文虚无的东西少，实在的意义多。汉译英时要多从这个角度找突破口。
民生之患的英译也体现了上面这点。民生一般是well-being，这里用的是quality of life，其实也是一个更具体的说明，更适合与环境问题挂钩。
另外，有的时候其实直接去掉不译都可以。写过年终总结的话对这种词一定很熟悉，各种做好、加强之类的词其实很大程度上就是凑个字数，并不是核心含义。
Blight 破坏因素；祸根；阴影
This discriminatory policy has really been a blight on America...
这项歧视性政策确实成了美国的一大祸根。
Might 力气; 力量; 威力; 权力;
英译汉时，基础薄弱的同学可能对这类词比较头疼，看着都认识，但是翻译出来语句不通。原因还是对词的理解太浅，或者太局限。只知道常用的意思，不知道不常用的意思。即便掌握再多技巧，思维再怎么活跃，这种基础问题早晚也是木桶短板。
今年，二氧化碳排放强度要降低 3.1%以上，化学需氧量、氨氮排放都要减少 2%左右，二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放要分别减少 3%左右和 5%左右。
This year, we will cut the intensity of carbon dioxide by at least 3.1 %, reduce both chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions by around 2%, and reduce emissions of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides by around 3% and 5% respectively.
降低 cut
降低 X% cut by X %
化学需氧量 chemical oxygen demand
Demand 需求量 (本身就有量的意思，所以不必再加amout之类)
Another flight would be arranged on Saturday if sufficient demand arose.
如果有足够的需求量，周六就会安排另一个航班。
深入实施大气污染防治行动计划，实行区域联防联控，推动燃煤电厂超低排放改造，促进重点区域煤炭消费零增长。
We will fully implement the action plan for preventing and controlling air pollution; carry out coordinated inter-regional prevention and control efforts; upgrade coal-burning power plants to achieve ultra-low emissions; and strive for zero-growth in the consumption of coal in key areas of the country;
行动计划 action plan
区域联防联控 inter-regional prevention and control
超低排放 ultra-low emissions
零增长 zero-growth
推广新能源汽车，治理机动车尾气，提高油品标准和质量，在重点区域内重点城市全面供应国五标准车用汽柴油。
We will promote the use of new-energy vehicles, reduce vehicle exhaust emissions, raise the national production standards for and improve the quality of fuel, and provide motor gasoline and diesel fuel that meets National-V standards to all key cities in key areas.
尾气 exhaust emissions
国五标准 National-V standards
国家第五阶段机动车污染物排放标准，即“国五标准”，国五标准排放控制水平相当于欧洲正在实施的第5阶段排放标准。欧盟已经从2009年起开始执行，其对氮氧化物、碳氢化合物、一氧化碳和悬浮粒子等机动车排放物的限制更为严苛。从国Ⅰ提至国Ⅳ，每提高一次标准，单车污染减少30%至50%。
2005 年底前注册营运的黄标车要全部淘汰。积极应对气候变化，扩大碳排放权交易试点。
We will remove from the roads all high-emission commercial vehicles registered before the end of 2005. We will actively respond to climate change and expand the trials for trading carbon emissions rights.
黄标车 "yellow label" vehicles
应对 respond to
碳排放权 carbon emissions rights
扩大······试点 expand the trials for
黄标车，是新车定型时排放水平低于国Ⅰ排放标准的汽油车和国Ⅲ排放标准的柴油车的统称。这类在用车经环保定期检验，达到相关在用车排放标准的，核发黄色环保检验合格标志，可以上路行驶。黄标车由于单车排放高，应优先管控和淘汰。
实施水污染防治行动计划，加强江河湖海水污染、水污染源和农业面源污染治理，实行从水源地到水龙头全过程监管。
We will implement the action plan for preventing and controlling water pollution; strengthen control over pollution in rivers, lakes, seas, water pollution sources, and pollution from nonpoint agricultural sources; and ensure the safety of drinking water by carrying out oversight over the whole process, from the source to the tap.
面源污染 nonpoint agricultural sources
(一般考试不会考太过过分专业的术语)
水龙头、阀门 tap
面源污染(Diffused Pollution,DP)，也称非点源污染(Non-point Source Pollution，NPS)，是指溶解和固体的污染物从非特定地点，在降水或融雪的冲刷作用下，通过径流过程而汇入受纳水体（包括河流、湖泊、水库和海湾等）并引起有机污染、水体富营养化或有毒有害等其他形式的污染（陈吉宁，2004）。
推行环境污染第三方治理。做好环保税立法工作。
We will introduce third party governance in the handling of environmental pollution. We will work on the legislation for environmental protection tax.
推行 introduce
做好······工作，这里做了很大简化，只是用了work on，当然也可以用更具体的措辞。
我们一定要严格环境执法，对偷排偷放者出重拳，让其付出沉重的代价;对姑息纵容者严问贵，使其受到应有的处罚。
We must strictly enforce environmental laws and regulations; crack down on those guilty of creating illegal emissions and ensure they pay a heavy price for such offenses; and hold those who allow illegal emissions to account, punishing them accordingly.
环境执法 enforce environmental laws and regulations
出重拳 crack down on （其实就是严厉打击，最后的 on 一般不能省）
应有的处罚 punish ·· · accordingly
能源生产和消费革命，关乎发展与民生。
Revolution in energy generation and consumption is vital to any country’s development and to the wellbeing of its people.
关乎 be vital to
能源生产 energy generation
Generation 形成，产生，发生
Generate 使形成，(使)产生，造成，引起，导致： 产生 (电等能量)
His kind smile soon generated friendliness.
他友善的微笑很快造成了友好的气氛。
The company, New England Electric, burns coal to generate power.
新英格兰电力公司燃烧煤来发电。
The labour secretary said the reforms would generate new jobs.
劳动部长说这些改革将带来新的工作。
要大力发展风电、光伏发电、生物质能，积极发展水电，安全发展核电，开发利用页岩气、煤层气。
In China, we will put great weight behind the development of wind power, photovoltaic power, and biomass energy, work actively to develop hydropower, stress safety in developing nuclear power, and exploit and utilize shale gas and coal seam gas.
光伏发电 photovoltaic power
Photovoltaic /,fəutəuvɔl'teiik/ 光电的 [技术]
页岩气 shale gas
煤层气 coal seam gas
控制能源消费总量，加强工业、交通、建筑等重点领域节能。
We will set a ceiling on total energy consumption and strengthen energy conservation in key areas such as manufacturing, transportation, and construction.
工业 manufacturing
控制 set a ceiling on
Ceiling (价格、工资等的) 上限
an informal agreement to put a ceiling on salaries.
一项规定工资上限的非正式协议。
积极发展循环经济，大力推进工业废物和生活垃圾资源化利用。
We will work hard to develop a circular economy and promote the recovery of resources from industrial and household waste.
循环经济 a circular economy
工业废物和生活垃圾 industrial and household waste
我国节能环保市场潜力巨大，要把节能环保产业打造成新兴的支柱产业。
There is enormous potential in China’s market for energy conservation and environmental protection; we will develop the energy conservation and environmental protection industry into a new pillar of the economy.
打造成··· develop ··· into
支柱产业 pillar of the economy
森林草原、江河湿地是大自然赐予人类的绿色财富，必须倍加珍惜。
Forests, grasslands, rivers, and wetlands are ecological riches and gifts of nature that we must take greater care to cherish.
绿色财富 ecological riches
Riches: valuable possessions or large amounts of money. 财富
An Olympic gold medal can lead to untold riches for an athlete.
一枚奥运金牌能为一名运动员带来数不尽的财富。
要推进重大生态工程建设，拓展重点生态功能区，办好生态文明先行示范区，开展国土江河综合整治试点，扩大流域上下游横向补偿机制试点，保护好三江源。
We will carry out major ecological projects; extend key eco-function zones; work to establish zones that demonstrate best practices for promoting a sound ecology; carry out pilot projects to improve the overall condition of rivers; expand the trial of having localities situated on the upper and lower reaches of river basins compensate each other for their impact on water quality; and ensure the sources of the Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancang rivers are effectively preserved.
生态功能区 eco-function zones
保护好 ensure ···are effectively preserved
三江源 the sources of the Yangtze, Yellow, and Lancang rivers
扩大天然林保护范围，有序停止天然林商业性采伐。今年新增退耕还林还草 1000 万亩，造林 9000 万亩。
We will expand the areas of natural forests under protection, and work in a planned way to put a stop to commercial logging in these forests. This year, we will return an additional 666,667 hectares of marginal farmland back to forest or grassland, and afforest 6 million more hectares of land.
有序 work in a planned way （多次出现）
停止 put a stop to （多次出现）
亩（15亩为一公顷）
造林 afforest
Afforest [æ'fɔrist] vt. 造林于(空地)，植树于，绿化：
to afforest along the river bank
沿河堤植树
生态环保贵在行动、成在坚持，我们必须紧抓不松劲，一定要实现蓝天常在、绿水长流、永续发展。
In ecological protection, progress comes only through action, and success only through persistence. We must take a firm and unrelenting approach in this work, to ensure we always have blue skies, lucid waters, and sustainable development.
绿水 lucid waters
Lucid 透明的；清澈的, 清晰简明的
Both of them had the ability to present complex matters lucidly.
他们两个人都曾具备把复杂的事情清晰明了地表达出来的能力。
