英汉互译：
A：when I knew that I am going to work in Beijing, I was a little nervous as I didn't know a first thing living in china. my friends suggested that I use Wechat, a social media platform that almost every Chinese uses. I didn't know how to use it. but I quickly downloaded the APPS on my cellphone. and guess what? I soon realized that Wechat had done something brilliant and I was soon addicted to it.
我听到要到北京工作后，有些紧张，我对中国一无所知，我的朋友建议我用微信。微信是一种社效媒体平台，几乎每个中国人都在用。我不知道怎么用微信，可是我很快就把微信下载到了手机上。结果你猜怎么样？我很快就发现微信非常好用，我迷上了它。
知识点：
know a first thing，一无所知。
B：我也是啊，日常生活根本离不开微信。你知道最早微信只能收发文字信息。现在的功能是越来越多，还能发图片，视频和音频。而且不必花钱。有了微信，家人和朋友随时都可以联系。非常方便。
So am I． I could hardly have my day without using Wechat. Initially, Wechat can be used only for sending text messages. But now it has more and more functions including sending pictures, audio and video clips. All of these services are used for free. Family members and friends can contact each other conveniently with Wechat.
知识点：
而且不必花钱: All of these services are used for free.
注意这类无主句的翻译要有效地加入主语，否则听起来显得句式凌乱不完整，容易被阅卷老师扣分。
A： With its instant speed, interactivity and high degree of engagement, Wechat has become an emerging communication channel. it is much more than a tool for chatting. I also use it to discuss work, make payment, get news and information through the group, send pictures and video clips and share beautiful music with my friends.
微信速度快，互联互通而且参与度高，因此成为一种新兴的通讯方式。它不仅是一种聊天工具，我也用它讨论工作，付账单，通过群来接收新闻和信息，发图片和视频，还能和朋友分享好听的音乐。
知识点：
With its instant speed, interactivity and high degree of engagement 像这类with开头的句子不必翻译成一个词组，而是要变成一个句子，而且三个偏正词组在翻译时转化为主谓词组，“微信速度快，互联互通而且参与度高”显得非常地道合理。
B: 微信的确是一种新的生活方式。其实微信并不只是个人在使用，现在，政府新闻媒体和企业都通过微信的公众账号来进行宣传和提供服务。所以说，微信不仅改变了老百姓的生活，也改变了政府的工作方式，增加了透明度。提高了公共服务水平。
Indeed, wechat stands for a new way of life. In fact, wechat is not only used by individuals, but by government, news media and enterprises as a tool to increase publicity and provide services. Therefore, wechat changes not only people’s life, but also ways governments do their work more transparently. Consequently, the quality of the public service is improved.
知识点：
进行宣传:不宜直译，可以转为“增加知名度。”
提高了公共服务水平:又是一个无主句，在这个上下文用被动，加上一个连接词，显得自然流畅。
A: but there are also problems arising from using the weChat. For instance, an individual's privacy is often intruded upon and rumors are sometimes circulated through friend circles. i think public order and public interests should be maintained on the Internet. we all should use the wechat within the law and observe the regulations.
但微信的使用也带来了各种问题。比如，个人的隐私常常受到侵犯，有时谣言也通过朋友圈里传播。我觉得在网络上应当维护公共秩序和公众利益。用微信时该遵纪守法。
B: 说得对，微信是个好东西。但也是一把双刃剑，只有把握好尺度，才能更好地让它为我们服务。我们每个人都应该自觉维护一个干净的网络环境。现在，很多人，尤其是年轻人整天都在玩手机看微信，这对身体是有害的。而且还浪费时间。我想对他们说，别让微信绑架自己的生活。
Well said. While wechat is good, it is also a sword with double edges. It can only serve us better if used appropriately. We all have the responsibility of maintaining a clean environment on the Internet. Nowadays, people, particularly youth, check their wechat updates on their cell phone almost every minute. This does harm to their health and wastes their time. I would advise them not to have their life abducted by this APP.
知识点：
说得对:可以有很多种译法。 例如“I agree.”, “you are right.”文中译法显得比较连贯。
只有把握好尺度：不宜费力寻找“尺度”这一对等词，转译为“适量，合适”即可。
整天都玩手机看微信：这个句子不能直译，文章一直在说微信，因此手机上的游戏与这个题目无关，因此翻译为“在手机上看看微信里有什么新内容”，这种译法比较地道。
英译汉：
Today, I will talk about China, the United Nations and our world. As you know, I grew up in wartime Korea. My family was very poor, but we had something better than gold. We are also very hungry and thirsty for education. One of the most important guidelines for me was the Confucian tradition. My parents taught me to study hard, to work for other people, work for the public good. in 1962, when I was still a teenager, I was very lucky to be invited to the United States for a Red Cross meeting. I had an extraordinary honour of meeting President John F. Kennedy.
今天，我想谈谈中国，联合国以及我们的世界。大家知道，我在韩国战争时期长大。我的家庭很贫困，但我拥有的东西比黄金更加珍贵。我们渴望获得教育。对我来说，儒家思想是我最重要的信仰之一。我父母教育我要努力学习，为他人和公众利益服务。1962年，我十几岁的时候，有幸受到邀请，参加联合国红十字大会，特别有幸见到了约翰肯尼迪总统。
知识点：
We are also very hungry and thirsty for education:这是一个比喻用法，不译过分贴字面翻译，翻译为“渴望获得教育”。
For a high school boy, it was an incredible and exciting experience. I was asking myself, what should I do for my country? I thought I needed to do something for my country’s economy and political stability. This dream changed my life. I decided to dedicate myself to public service. I often reflected on a Confucian teaching which says: cultivating one's moral character, putting one's own house in order and running the country well and letting the peace prevail in the world. and to do this, you must cultivate your personal life first and set your hearts right. I have been living with those guidelines and teachings.
对于一名高中生来说，这是一次难以置信和令人兴奋的经历。我问自己，我应该为我的国家做些什么?我觉得应该为国家经济和政治稳定尽一份力。这个梦想改变了我的生活。我下定决心投身于公共服务。我常常回忆一句儒家的教诲。修身，齐家，治国平天下。要做到这一点，就必须要修身，心正。
知识点：
cultivating one's moral character, putting one's own house in order and running the country well and letting the peace prevail in the world.
“修身，齐家，治国，平天下”这一段是《大学》当中最为著名的段落，这类反映儒家思想的段落常常会出现在亚洲国家领导人以及一些对于中国比较熟悉的欧美国家领袖讲话中，近几年来，希拉里，奥巴马都曾经引用过一些经典中的内容，因此要求学员在学习过程中能够有意识地阅读一些《论语》《四书》当中著名段落的翻译，而能够在英译汉中准确识别这类内容并引用原文进行翻译，必然会给阅卷老师留下好的印象。
As an official of the United Nations, I deal with the worst problems of the world – war, hunger, poverty and disease, abuses of people’s legitimate human rights, environmental degradation and climate change. These are things we must address all together. It is easy to lose hope – but I feel always motivated and encouraged by the energy of youth,young people like yourselves.
作为一名联合国官员，我要处理世界上最糟糕的情况——战争、饥荒、贫困和疾病，对合法人权的践踏，环境恶化以及天气变化。这些问题我们都要共同应对。面对这些，我们很容易丧失信心。但看我总觉得充满了动力，受到鼓舞，主要原因就是来自年轻人，像各位这样的年轻人的活力。
知识点：
It is easy to lose hope – but I feel always motivated and encouraged by the energy of youth,young people like yourselves.潘基文是一个很有文化的政治家，用词和句式比较曲折，因此在翻译的遣词造句方面也应该更加讲究一些。
China has made remarkable progress that contributed to our global millennium development goal results. Worldwide, since 1990, some 700 million fewer people lived in conditions of extreme poverty. Six million fewer children die each year from preventable diseases. More than 2.3 billion people gained access to improved drinking water sources.In all these achievements, China played a very important role. when the world was able to lift at least half of the extremely poor people out of poverty, it was due to China’s help since you have lifted most of your people out of poverty.
中国取得了很大进步，为全球千年发展目标做出了重大贡献。世界范围内，自1990年代以来，有七亿人摆脱了极度贫困的状态。因可预防疾病而死的儿童减少了六百万人。23亿人饮用水的质量得到了改善。在所有这些成就中，中国起到了非常重要的作用。世界能够使半数极度贫困人口脱贫，根本原因来自中国的助力，因为中国使得大量本国人口摆脱了贫困。
知识点：
Worldwide, since 1990, some 700 million fewer people lived in conditions of extreme poverty. Six million fewer children die each year from preventable diseases.这个段落中的难点在于两个fewer要能听懂，准确把握意思，并有效地转为相关的动词，这类静态转动态的用法在英译汉的时候十分普遍，同时也常常在选题和命题时成为考点，需要考生多加体会
But still, millions of people live in degrading conditions and die from preventable diseases. Now is the time for the youth to drive global action. We must do all to the young people. that is why working for and working with young people – that is one of the United Nations’ priorities. China makes up the largest share of the largest generation of youth in history. We need you to succeed.
但与此同时，仍有几百万人生活条件在恶化或者死于可预防疾病。眼下，年轻人应当推动全球行动。我们必须尽全力帮助年轻人。因此，为年轻人工作，与年轻人一同工作，这也就是联合国优先考虑的问题。中国目前的年轻一代达到历史空前的人数，我们需要你们取得成功。
One of China’s first democrats, the Qing Dynasty scholar Liang Qichao, said: “If the youth are wise, society will be wise; if the youth are strong, society will be strong; if the youth are independent, society will be independent; if the youth are free, society will be free; if the youth progress, society will progress.” This is what I learned which you should learn! I have high hopes for the great youth of China.
中国最早的民主主义者，清代学才梁启超说过:“少年智则国智，少年强则国强，少年独立则国独立，少年自由则国自由，少年进步则国进步。”我了解了这一点，你们也应当了解这一点，我对于中国的年轻人充满了信心。
“If the youth are wise, society will be wise; if the youth are strong, society will be strong; if the youth are independent, society will be independent; if the youth are free, society will be free; if the youth progress, society will progress.”
这一段同样出自中国经典，梁启超的《少年中国说》，随着中国国际地位的提高和国家推广文化软实力政策的作法，中国文化的影响力在英语中越来越高，因此同学也应当更加熟悉此类内容。
Chinese to English Interpreting
时光飞逝，转眼我担任中国驻印度大使已经19个月了，周末即将卸任回国。这几天，我在整理行装的同时，也在整理思绪，感慨良多。下面我想与大家分享一些我的感受和思考。我很幸运，经历了印度及中印关系发展的特殊重要时期。
Time flies fast! I have already been in India exactly 19 months, and now I'm finishing my term and leaving this weekend. These days while packing luggage, I'm also instinctively packing my thoughts, so I’m very grateful to you for giving me this opportunity to make my last public appearance and share with you some of my feelings and observations.
知识点：
整理思绪，感慨良多：很多初级译者会在这个地方下很大的功夫，但往往越想译得接近，中式英语的嫌疑就越大，往往造成不必要的失分，这类句子翻译时不宜过分咬文嚼字，简单理解为进行思考，有很多想法即可，
我见证了印度在莫迪总理领导下的快速发展。过去两年中，莫迪政府锐意改革，促进增长，改善基础设施和投资环境，社会充满活力，发展前景看好我见证了中印产能合作蒸蒸日上。过去中国企业赴印投资屈指可数，如今中国印度商会仅在德里就有300多家会员企业。中国对印投资存量已近40亿美元，2015年，协议投资金额达400亿美元。双边贸易额达710亿美元，这在全球经济不景气的大环境下这是一个亮点。
I witnessed India’s rapid changes and progresses under PM Modi’s leadership. I’m impressed by India’s fast growing economy, dynamic reform, vigorous society, booming business, improving infrastructure, attractive investment environment, increasingly opening up to the world, etc.
I witnessed growing industrial cooperation between our two countries. A few years back, few Chinese companies invested in India. But now Chinese business chamber in Delhi alone has more than 300 members. Accumulative Chinese investment in India has reached $4 billion. In 2015, investment agreement worth $40 billion were signed. Despite sluggish global trade, China-India trade surged to $71 billion last year, a highlight amidst the bad news of flagging global economy.
知识点：
锐意改革:汉语当中常常有很多较为奇特的表达，让初级译者无从下手，这种情况下可以采取“以不变应万变”的方法，将陌生的词汇转成相对熟悉的近义词，其实所谓 “锐意”无非就是“积极”、“努力”、“充满活力”的意思，完全属于熟悉词汇。
屈指可数：同样，这个词汇无非就是“很少”、“极少”的意思，没有必要过度追求字面对应。
我见证了中印人文交流突飞猛进。中方向印度香客开放朝圣新路线，印度向中国游客实施电子签证。过去一年，双向旅游首次突破100万，今年以来更是以25%的速度增长，与此同时，双方智库媒体和地方政府之间的交流和对话也越来越频繁活跃。
I witnessed dynamic people-to-people exchanges, which is a bright spot in our relations. The opening of Nathula pass for Indian pilgrims and the launch of e-visa for Chinese tourists are two milestones. Last year, for the first time in history, two-way visits exceeded 1 million. This year the number is growing at 25%, the highest growth ever seen in history. Dialogue and exchanges between think tanks, media and local governments are flourishing.
知识点：
这个段落主要考了一些新词，需要学员平时注意积累，否则在临场很难找到替换救急的用法。
人文交流：people-to-people exchanges这个词已成固定表达，因为“humanistic”一词为非生命词，不可能发出exchange这一行为
朝圣路线pass for Indian pilgrims
智库：think tanks
这些发展变化显示，中印关系正处在半个多世纪以来的最好时期。中印关系的巨大潜力将进一步得到释放。诚然，我们之间有一些敏感问题和历史遗留的分歧，但中印关系的大方向已经确定，发展进程不可逆转。我们要顺应时代潮流，合作多做加法，问题多做减法，不断推进双边关系向前发展。
These changes and development show that China-India relations are at the best time in half a century. As our two countries continue to develop and our roles in the world continue to grow, the huge potential in out relations will be increasingly brought out. Like all relations, we may have some sensitive issues and differences, but the direction of China-India relations is set, and the growth is irreversible, because this is the call of the times. We must work to add more building blocks and remove stumbling blocks, and drive our relations forward.
知识点：
“诚然，我们之间有一些敏感问题和历史遗留的分歧，但中印关系的大方向已经确定，发展进程不可逆转。”
这类句子在中国问题白皮书上有很多相似的表达，需要平常多加关注。
“合作多做加法，问题多做减法。”这句话可谓最后也是最难的一个采分点。解题思路的关键是要了解中国人的具象化思维方式，做加法和减法实际上就是“增加共识，减少分歧和障碍”，在这样基础上进行的翻译，一般都会被认为是正确合理的。
声明：本内容由天津翻译专修学院授权沪江英语发布，严禁转载。
