2、多边合作
(2) Multilateral cooperation
——中国积极参加联合国和平利用外层空间委员会及其科技小组委员会、法律小组委员会的各项活动，积极参与外空活动长期可持续性等国际空间规则磋商，签署《中国国家航天局与联合国对地观测数据和技术支持谅解备忘录》，积极推动中国对地观测卫星数据在联合国平台上的共享与合作。
– China takes an active part in activities organized by the United Nations Committee on the Peaceful Uses of Outer Space and its Scientific and Technical Sub-committee and Legal Sub-committee, and negotiations on international space rules such as the long-term sustainability of outer space activities. It signed the Memorandum of Understanding between the China National Space Administration and the United Nations on Earth Observation Data and Technical Support, actively promoting data sharing and cooperation between China’s earth observation satellites on the UN platform.
——中国积极支持联合国灾害管理与应急响应天基信息平台北京办公室开展相关工作。联合国在北京设立空间科学与技术教育亚太区域中心（中国），促进国际空间领域的人才培养。
– China supports the relevant work of the Beijing office of the United Nations Platform for Space-based Information for Disaster Management and Emergency Response. The UN set up the Regional Center for Space Science and Technology Education in Asia and the Pacific (China) in Beijing to promote personnel training in the international space arena.
——中国在亚太空间组织合作框架下，积极参与推动亚太空间合作组织联合多任务小卫星星座项目，成功举办以“‘一带一路’助力亚太地区空间能力建设”为主题的亚太空间合作组织发展战略高层论坛，并发表北京宣言。
– Within the framework of the Asia-Pacific Space Cooperation Organization (APSCO), China actively participated in the APSCO Joint Small Multi-mission Satellite Constellation Program. It also organized the APSCO Development Strategy Forum with the theme of “the Belt and Road Initiative for Facilitating Regional Capacity Building of the Asia-Pacific Countries,” at which the Beijing Declaration was adopted.
——中国与巴西、俄罗斯、印度、南非等国航天机构共同发起并积极推动金砖国家遥感卫星星座合作。
– China and the space agencies of Brazil, Russia, India, and South Africa co-sponsored and actively promoted cooperation in the BRICS remote-sensing satellite constellation.
——启动实施中国—东盟卫星信息海上应用中心、澜沧江—湄公河空间信息交流中心建设等项目。
– China launched the China-ASEAN Satellite Information Maritime Application Center, and Lancang-Mekong River Spatial Information Exchange Center.
——中国积极参与机构间空间碎片协调委员会、空间与重大灾害宪章、地球观测组织等政府间国际组织的各项活动。成功举办第31届空间与重大灾害宪章理事会、第32届机构间空间碎片协调委员会等国际会议。
– China actively participated in activities organized by the Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC), International Charter on Space and Major Disasters, Group on Earth Observations, and other intergovernmental organizations. It hosted the 31st Council of the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters, the 32nd Meeting of the IADC and other international conferences.
——中国积极参与全球卫星导航系统国际委员会活动，成功举办第7届全球卫星导航系统国际委员会大会，积极推动北斗系统与其他卫星导航系统兼容与互操作，推广普及卫星导航技术，与多个国家和地区开展卫星导航应用合作。
– China actively participated in activities organized by the International Committee on Global Navigation Satellite Systems (ICG) and held the Seventh ICG Conference. It actively improved the compatibility and interoperability of the Beidou system with other satellite navigation systems, popularized satellite navigation technology, and cooperated with a number of countries and regions in satellite navigation applications.
——中国积极参与国际宇航联合会、国际空间研究委员会、国际宇航科学院、国际空间法学会等非政府间国际组织和学术机构的各项活动，成功举办第64届国际宇航大会、2014年联合国/中国/亚太空间合作组织空间法研讨会、第36届国际地球科学与遥感大会等国际会议。在联合国空间应用项目框架下成功举办首届载人航天技术研讨会。
– China actively participated in activities organized by the International Astronautical Federation, International Committee on Space Research, International Academy of Astronautics, International Institute of Space Law, and other non-governmental international space organizations and academic institutes. It held the 64th International Astronautical Congress, 2014 United Nations / China / APSCO Workshop on Space Law, 36th International Conference on Earth Science and Remote-Sensing, and related international conferences. It also held the First Seminar on Manned Spaceflight Technology within the framework of the United Nations Program on Space Applications.
——中国积极参与全球防灾减灾国际事务协调，通过联合国灾害管理与应急反应天基信息平台、联合国亚洲及太平洋经济社会理事会、空间与重大灾害宪章等机制，为国际重大灾害救援工作提供了卫星数据支持和技术服务。
– China actively participated in the international coordination of global disaster prevention and reduction, and provided satellite data support and technical services for major international disaster-relief efforts through the United Nations Platform for Space-based Information on Disaster Management and Emergency Response, United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific, International Charter on Space and Major Disasters, and related mechanisms.
3、商业活动
(3) Commercial activities
中国积极鼓励和支持企业参与空间领域国际商业活动，完成尼日利亚通信卫星、委内瑞拉遥感卫星一号、玻利维亚通信卫星、老挝一号通信卫星、白俄罗斯一号通信卫星等卫星出口和在轨交付，为土耳其蓝突厥2号地球观测卫星提供商业发射服务，成功搭载发射厄瓜多尔、阿根廷、波兰、卢森堡等国的小卫星，积极开展空间信息商业服务。
China encourages and supports Chinese enterprises to participate in international commercial activities in the space field. It has exported satellites and made in-orbit delivery of Nigeria’s communications satellite, Venezuela’s remote-sensing satellite-1, Bolivia’s communications satellite, Laos’ communications satellite-1 and Belarus’ communications satellite-1. In addition, it provided commercial launch service for Turkey’s Gokturk-2 earth observation satellite, and when launching its own satellites took on small satellites for Ecuador, Argentina, Poland, Luxembourg and other countries. It has also provided business services concerning space information.
（三）未来五年重点合作领域
Key areas for future cooperation
未来五年，中国将以更加积极开放的姿态，在以下重点领域广泛开展国际空间交流与合作：
In the next five years, China will, with a more active and open attitude, conduct extensive international exchanges and cooperation concerning space in the following key areas:
——“一带一路”空间信息走廊建设，包括对地观测、通信广播、导航定位等卫星研制，地面和应用系统建设，应用产品开发等。
– Construction of the Belt and Road Initiative Space Information Corridor, including earth observation, communications and broadcasting, navigation and positioning, and other types of satellite-related development; ground and application system construction; and application product development.
——金砖国家遥感卫星星座建设。
– Construction of the BRICS remote-sensing satellite constellation.
——亚太空间合作组织联合多任务小卫星星座和大学生小卫星项目建设。
– Construction of the APSCO Joint Small Multi-mission Satellite Constellation Program and University Small Satellite Project Development.
——月球、火星等深空探测工程与技术合作。
– The Moon, Mars and other deep space exploration programs and technical cooperation.
——载人航天空间实验室、空间站建设及应用。
– Inclusion of a space laboratory and a space station in China’s manned spaceflight program.
——空间科学卫星、遥感卫星、有效载荷等工程研制。
– Research and development of a space science satellite, a remote-sensing satellite, payloads, etc.
——数据接收站、通信关口站等地面基础设施建设。
– Construction of ground infrastructure such as data receiving stations and communications gateway stations.
——对地观测、通信广播、导航定位等卫星应用。
– Satellite applications, including earth observation, communications and broadcasting, navigation and positioning.
——空间科学探索研究。
– Exploration and research on space science.
——航天发射及搭载服务。
– Launching and carrying services.
——航天测控支持。
– Space TT&C support.
——空间碎片监测、预警、减缓及防护。
– Space debris monitoring, early warning, mitigation and protection.
——空间天气领域合作。
– Space weather cooperation.
——卫星整星、卫星及运载火箭分系统、零部件、电子元器件、地面设施设备等产品进出口和技术合作。
– Import and export of and technical cooperation in the field of whole satellites, sub-systems, spare parts and electronic components of satellites and launch vehicles, ground facilities and equipment, and related items.
——空间法律、空间政策、航天标准研究。
– Research on space law, policy and standards.
——航天领域人员交流与培训等。
– Personnel exchanges and training in the space field.
结束语
Conclusion
当今世界，越来越多的国家高度重视并积极参与航天事业发展，航天技术已广泛应用于人们日常生活的方方面面，对人类社会生产生活方式产生重大而深远的影响。
In the present-day world, more and more countries are attaching importance to and taking an active part in developing space activities. Moreover, space technology is being widely applied in all aspects of our daily life, exerting a major and far-reaching influence on social production and lifestyle.
和平探索和利用外层空间是人类不懈的追求。站在新的历史起点上，中国将加快推动航天事业发展，积极开展国际空间交流与合作，使航天活动成果在更广范围、更深层次、更高水平上服务和增进人类福祉，同各国一道，不断把人类和平与发展的崇高事业推向前进。
It is mankind’s unremitting pursuit to peacefully explore and utilize outer space. Standing at a new historical starting line, China is determined to quicken the pace of developing its space industry, and actively carry out international space exchanges and cooperation, so that achievements in space activities will serve and improve the well-being of mankind in a wider scope, at a deeper level and with higher standards. China will promote the lofty cause of peace and development together with other countries.
